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- Dr. Deborah Healey
- English Language Institute
- Oregon State University
- deborah.healey@oregonstate.edu
- http://oregonstate.edu/~healeyd
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- A brief look back...
- Current uses of CALL
- Tools – software and online
- Skill practice – software and online
- Communication – online
- Next steps – smaller, faster, ubiquitous
- What does it mean?
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- PLATO (1950s-70s)
- Mainframe-based
- Practice orientation
- The teacher as programmer
- Good record-keeping
- Computers as teachers
- Collaborative learning
- Small number of users
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- Green+white, text only
- Drill and practice (US), text-based simulations (UK)
- Command-key, not graphical (Ctrl-WS to save a document)
- Teacher as programmer
- Computers as teachers
- Individual learning (US), collaborative learning (UK)
- Small number of users
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- Practice, simulations, multimedia-based learning with software
- Good record-keeping
- Teachers as facilitators
- One-computer classroom
- Students working together at a computer
- Computer as teacher and facilitator
- Growing number of users
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- Easy global communication
- Self-publishing
- Students and teachers need to be Internet-literate
- Don’t forget good teaching practice
- It’s no panacea
- Computer as facilitator
- Increasing number of users
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- Multiple media, mostly digital
- Smaller, faster, more widely available technology
- Internet – faster, more media capability
- Web 2.0 = ‘social web’ with user-created content
- But video still needs more capacity (bandwidth); more users = slower
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- Traditional ideas
- Computer as tutor
- Students work alone
- Immediate feedback
- Audiolingual orientation
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- Current ideas - traditional, plus
- Computer as tool, mostly
- Students work collaboratively
- Resource provider
- Stimulus for exploration
- Means of communication
- Constructivist orientation
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- Chris Jones (1986). It's not so much the program, more what you do with
it: The importance of methodology in CALL. System, 14 (2), p.171-78.
- Strong teacher role
- "Program" then; “Internet" now
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- Software and online
- Word-processing/presentation
- Easy authoring
- Digitizing audio/video
- Concordancers
- Course management systems
- Search engines
- SmartBoards, clickers, and other technology gadgets
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- Insert comment: Voice and text annotations (sample)
- Track changes
- Compare documents
- AutoSummarize (sample)
- Grammar checking
- Translation
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- Another way for teachers and students to interact (T-S, S-S)
- Audio or text response
- Comments of any length
- Comments about comments
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- Presentation wizard
- Step-by-step organizer
- Many templates
- http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/templates/default.aspx
- Easy use of media
- Internet connections
- Form is easy; needs attention to content
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- Templates - for student and teacher use
- Appropriate size for viewing
- Real world skill
- Add media – audio, video
- Hyperlinks
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- Hot Potatoes
- Not just ‘wrong, try again’
- Student-created exercises
- Record-keeping issue
- Quality takes time and effort
- Download at hotpot.uvic.ca
- MS Office: Save as Web page
- User-friendly web pages and blogs
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- Audio: built into Mac and Windows
- Garage Band
- Sound Recorder
- Audacity: download for Mac or Windows – easy editing
- Video: built into Mac, add to Windows
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- Another way for teachers and students to interact (T-S, S-S)
- Audio response to audio journals
- A recording that can be reviewed later
- A recording that can be edited
- Easier for the teacher to transport
- Think about all those cassette tapes...
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- iMovie and MovieMaker
- Free
- Relatively easy to use
- Exciting for students
- Good group project
- Requires high-end equipment
- High-speed processor, lots of RAM and hard drive space
- Can share on YouTube (www.youtube.com) or Vimeo (www.vimeo.com)
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- Why not videotape?
- Easier to edit
- Easy to add titles, music
- Easier to make high-quality copies
- Easy to share online
- Advantages of tape
- Easier to record
- Cheaper
- Holds much more
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- Data-driven learning for students
- Students as language researchers
- Deeper processing = remembering
- Lots of examples for teachers
- Online and software-based
- MiCASE, Cobuild online
- AntConc (download from http://www.antlab.sci.waseda.ac.jp/
antconc_index.html), Conc (Mac); MonoConc Pro (commercial)
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- Course management systems
- Blackboard/WebCT
- Expensive; designed for large sites
- Free course management systems
- Nicenet – www.nicenet.org (limited options but easy to use and no ads)
- Moodle www.moodle.org
- Tom Robb’s site - http://www.langconcepts.net/moodle/
- (more later)
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- www.nicenet.org
- Conferencing
- Link sharing
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- Choose the right one
- Google isn’t perfect
- Category vs keyword
- Academic search engines and portals
- Noodletools – www.noodletools.com
- Teach students search techniques
- Create lists of links for students
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- SmartBoard
- Interactive whiteboard
- Record for playback
- Clicker
- Classroom response system
- Good for large classes
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- SmartBoard tool
- PowerPoint add-on
- Saves a session as it is being delivered with screens and audio
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- Software and online
- Vocabulary
- Grammar
- Pronunciation
- Reading
- Listening
- Test preparation
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- Ineffective
- Somewhat effective
- Pitch and intensity contours
- Useful
- Graphic representations of similarity
- Speech pathology tools
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- Email pen pals (“keypals”)
- Discussion lists – Yahoo Groups
- Blogs – blogger.com
- Podcasting – podomatic.com
- Student/class web pages
- Regular page – tripod, geocities
- Wikis – pbwiki.com/education.wiki
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- Student publishing
- Interactive (or not)
- Easy to create
- Text-oriented
- www.blogger.com and more
- techteachingworldwide.blogspot.com/
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- Created by students or teachers
- Blogs can be set to accept comments
- Interactive, but information is saved
- Free websites available
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- Easy way to have several people work together
- Private or public space
- pbwiki.com/education.wiki
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- Student authorship
- Easy way to share – and have an audience
- Teachers can check student work and comment online or offline
- Students can comment to each other
- Motivating activity for students
- Need to set tasks for best results
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- Motivating
- In-class or outside audience
- Hot Potatoes exercises
- Project reports
- ThinkWave competitions
- Watch for copyright violations
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- Speech recognition
- Speech to text and text to speech
- Messaging – audio/video chat
- Texting
- Video file-sharing
- Wireless communication
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- IBM ViaVoice and ScanSoft Dragon Naturally Speaking (commercial);
Microsoft Speech SDK (68MB file)
- Increasing accuracy in transcribing speech
- Forces speaker to focus on accuracy
- Text to speech improving
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- CALL applications
- TraciTalk – one of the first
- DynEd offerings: Dynamic English, Functioning in Business
- Rosetta Stone, Learn to Speak English, Tell Me More, Connected Speech,
EyeSpeak
- Variety of implementations
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- Multi-modal chat
- One person or multiple (Yahoo Messenger, Breeze, Skype)
- Text, audio, video
- Transmission issues
- Instant Messenger/Yahoo Messenger
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- Underlying technology: Voice Over Internet Protocol (VOIP)
- Skype (www.skype.com), Gizmo (www.gizmo.com)
- Can call a regular phone or another computer
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- Add a computer speakerphone for class discussion with anyone
- Set up voice pals with another class
- Computer-to-computer is free
- Computer to telephone is cheap
- Often issues with the sound breaking up – transmission problems
- Does not record for later review
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- Interaction with an audience for practice and feedback (maybe
instruction, too)
- Practice listening for pauses/interruption cues
- The option to switch to text if the sound is too confusing
- Lots of (sometimes too much) input
- Often issues with the sound breaking up – transmission problems
- No record for later review
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- YouTube as a prime example
- 100MB, 10 minute limit
- Hellodeo – www.hellodeo.com - very short clips
- Vimeo – www.vimeo.com
- Students and teachers can create and upload files
- Free website
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- Free to move around
- Connection to others and/or Internet
- Multiple types of hardware
- Laptop
- Hand-held – smaller, faster, cheaper
- iPod or MP3 player for audio
- Cell phone – voice and text
- Wireless lab
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- Bluetooth = short-range transmission
- Sample: features include V CAST Music, a music/video player, 1.3
megapixel camera & camcorder, Bluetooth capabilities
- This is a phone??
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- One-to-one interaction for practice and feedback (maybe instruction,
too)
- File transfer ability (short-range)
- Could listen to music and discuss it with a partner
- Cell phone costs – usually high during the day
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- “Just a tool”
- Student focus
- More creativity and control for students
- More flexibility to respond to learner needs and differences
- More demands on teachers
- More mass-market options =>cheaper
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- Present and near future possibilities
- Better teaching and learning
- Focus on creativity
- Greater learner control
- Lower prices
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- Curriculum
- Organizational scheme for learning
- Not just programmed learning and direct instruction
- Link between language and people
- Research on best practices
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- Do classroom-based (action) research
- Try it and share your results
- Pressure vendors to create products that work for us and our students
- Keep looking for the best fit
- Be creative and have fun!
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